张掖市人民政府关于印发张掖市矿产资源勘查开发管理暂行办法的通知
甘肃省张掖市人民政府
张政发〔2007〕123号
张掖市人民政府关于印发张掖市矿产资源勘查开发管理暂行办法的通知
各县（区）人民政府，市政府有关部门，市直及省属驻张有关单位：
经市政府研究同意，现将《张掖市矿产资源勘查开发管理暂行办法》印发你们，请认真遵照执行。
二〇〇七年八月二十四日
张掖市矿产资源勘查开发管理暂行办法
第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强矿产资源勘查开发管理，促进矿产资源的合理开发利用，根据《中华人民共和国矿产资源法》、《甘肃省矿产资源管理条例》以及《矿产资源勘查区块登记管理办法》、《矿产资源开采登记管理办法》、《探矿权采矿权转让管理办法》，结合我市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 在本市行政区域内勘查开采矿产资源，适用本办法。
第三条 开发矿产资源必须坚持“谁开发、谁保护，谁破坏、谁恢复，谁污染、谁治理”的原则。立足于建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会，坚持保护中开发，开发中保护，节约集约利用资源，做到经济效益、社会效益、生态效益和谐统一。
第四条 对矿产资源的勘查开发实行统一规划、合理布局、综合勘查、适度开采和综合利用的方针，鼓励矿产资源勘查开发中先进技术的研究运用，提高矿产资源勘查开发的科学技术水平，促进矿业经济可持续发展。
第五条 勘查开发矿产资源，必须遵守国家法律法规和产业政策，符合全市国民经济和社会发展总体规划以及矿产资源总体规划。国家法律法规和产业政策禁止勘查开采的矿种、矿产资源总体规划规定的禁采区，不得从事矿业权活动。
第六条 矿业权实行有偿取得制度，市国土资源局按照省国土资源厅委托和授权出让矿业权，严格执行《甘肃省矿业权招标拍卖挂牌出让暂行规定》。
第二章 矿产资源勘查
第七条 凡符合法定条件的法人和自然人可依法按权限程序向国土资源部和省国土资源厅申请探矿权。禁止任何单位和个人进入他人依法取得探矿权的勘查作业区内进行勘查或采矿活动。依法取得的探矿权,各级人民政府将依法保护，维护其合法权益。
第八条 探矿权申请人在申请取得探矿权之前，市县国土资源部门依法对申请人进行资格审查，有下列行为之一的，属部、省出让的要提出建议，委托市国土资源部门出让的要做出决定。
（一） 没按成交确认书规定时限缴清探矿权价款及其它规费的；
（二） 超越批准的勘查区块进行勘查工作的；
（三） 擅自进行滚动勘探开发、边探边采或者试采的；
（四） 非法出租、承包、转让探矿权的；
（五）不依法备案、报告有关情况，拒绝接受监督检查或者弄虚作假的，变更勘查单位未向登记机关备案的；
（六）未完成最低勘查投入的。
第九条 国土资源部和省国土资源厅办理探矿权，要求市、县（区）国土资源部门进行协查时，市、县（区）国土资源部门对已设立矿业权的、有矿权争议的、禁止勘查的区块等，要及时向省国土资源厅建议，停止探矿权的办理。
第十条 省国土资源厅委托市国土资源局依法公开出让的探矿权，市国土资源局要与储量管理机构或地质勘查单位对出让项目的地质勘查程度、储量情况进行核查，委托有资质的矿业评估机构对价款进行评估后报省国土资源厅评审确认。
第十一条 严格探矿权登记备案制度。探矿权人依法取得探矿权后，必须向市、县（区）国土资源部门登记备案。无故在半年内不登记备案又不开展工作的，市县国土资源部门建议登记发证机关依法吊销勘查许可证。
第十二条 提高探矿权年度最低投入标准。能源矿产、金属矿产第一年度每平方公里投入达到5万元，第二年度每平方公里达到10万元，从第三年度开始每年每平方公里达到20万元；非金属矿产第一年度每平方公里达到2万元、第二年度每平方公里达到5万元、从第三年度开始每年每平方公里达到10 万元。预查阶段不超过一年，普查阶段不超过两年。
第十三条 加大引资勘查力度，鼓励探矿权人在依法取得的勘查区块内通过引进资金、技术、设备等合作勘查矿产资源。不设立新的探矿权主体和不变更探矿权人的，要与合作方签订符合法律规定的《合作勘查矿产资源合同书》，并向原勘查登记机关备案，备案通知书下发后方可开展合作勘查。
第十四条 加强探矿权年度检查制度。探矿权人必须于每年10月底前将本年度勘查情况包括工作量完成、资金投入、探矿权使用费缴纳、勘查成果等情况书面报告市、县（区）国土资源部门。市国土资源部门根据程序和要求进行年度监督检查，年检不合格的，限期整改或依法处罚，情节严重的建议发证机关吊销勘查许可证。
第十五条 市财政和国土资源部门要加强对市级地质勘查专项资金的监督和管理，做到专款专用，在现有专项资金的基础上，滚动使用，逐年增加。
第十六条 加大市级政府对矿产资源的勘查力度，成立张掖市地质调查院，重点开展全市矿产资源的调查、具有成矿前景的矿产地的勘查等工作，以加快矿产资源的勘查开发利用。
第三章 矿产资源开发
第十七条 开采矿产资源必需遵守国家和省上有关环保、土地、安全生产等规定。 按照积极扶持、合理规划、正确引导、加强管理的方针，鼓励集体、民营企业开采除国家规定禁止开采的矿产资源以外的我市范围内的矿产资源，集体、民营企业与其他企业同等享受市、县（区）人民政府制定的各种优惠政策，保障投资者的合法权益不受侵犯。
第十八条 采矿权申请人在取得采矿权之前，市县国土资源部门要依法对申请人进行资格审查，有下列行为之一的，属部、省出让的要提出建议，委托市国土资源部门出让的要做出决定。
（一） 对过去在我市公开取得采矿权，没按成交确认规定时限缴清采矿权价款、矿产资源补偿费、采矿权使用费的；
（二）超越批准的矿区范围采矿的；
（三）非法买卖、出租或者以其它形式转让采矿权的；
（四）不依法提交年度报告、拒绝接受监督检查或者弄虚作假的；
（五）在缴纳矿产资源补偿费时不按照规定提交已采出的矿产品的品种、产量、销售数量、销售价格和实际开采回采率等资料的，或者采取伪报矿种，隐匿产量、销售数量，或者伪报销售价格、实际开采回采率等手段；
（六）开采回采率、选矿回收率长期达不到要求，未按照开采利用方案进行施工或者开采，造成资源破坏损失和浪费的。
第十九条 开采矿产资源必须采取合理的开采顺序、开采方法和选矿工艺，在开采主要矿产的同时，对具有工业价值的共生和伴生矿产综合回收；对暂不能综合利用的矿产和含有有用成份的尾矿，采取有效的保护措施，防止浪费和破坏。
第二十条 开采矿产资源，应当按照采矿许可证颁发机关批准的开发利用方案施工，加强矿区范围内的生产勘探和补充勘探，不准任意丢弃矿体，禁止乱采滥挖，采富弃贫，破坏生态环境。
第二十一条 开采矿产资源，必需具备相应的条件：
（一） 有供矿山建设使用的与开采规模相适应的矿产勘查资料；
（二） 有经过批准的无争议的开采范围；
（三） 有与所建矿山规模相适应的资金、设备和人员；
（四） 有与所建矿山规模相适应的符合国家产业政策和技术规范可行性研究报告，矿山设计或者开采方案；
（五） 有环境影响评价审批文件和水土保持方案；
（六） 符合安全生产“三同时”的规定。
第二十二条 县（区）国土资源部门发证的砂、砾石、粘土、普通建筑用石料可直接出让采矿权；省国土资源厅授权市国土资源局发证的冶金用石英岩、水泥用灰岩、花岗岩、芒硝、石膏、长石、滑石、耐火粘土等可供开采的矿产地，经有资质的地勘单位进行勘测并提交勘测报告后出让采矿权；属部、省发证的矿种，勘查程度必须达到详查或勘探程度方可出让采矿权。
第二十三条 严格矿山企业准入条件，新办矿山企业生产建设规模应符合下列规定：
（一）钨矿处理原矿必须达到3万吨/年以上；
（二） 岩金矿处理原矿必须达到1、5万吨/年以上，砂金矿10万立方米／年以上；
（三）煤矿必须达到原煤30万吨/年以上；
（四）铁矿露天开采处理原矿必须达到5万吨/年以上，地下开采3万吨／年以上；
（五）铜矿处理原矿必须达到开采3万吨/年以上；
（六）铅锌矿处理原矿必须达到开采3万吨/年以上；
（七）萤石矿处理原矿必须达到开采1万吨/年以上；
（八）水泥用灰岩、冶金用石英岩、白云岩、石膏、芒硝、花岗岩、滑石、长石处理原矿必须达到3万吨/年以上；
（九）新建砂、砾石、粘土、普通建筑用石料、耐火粘土处理原矿必须达到开采3万吨/年以上。
第二十四条 国土资源部门加强采矿回采率、采矿贫化率、选矿回收率（以下简称“三率”）指标的核准、考核的监督管理；矿山企业主管部门负责“三率”指标的监督管理工作；矿山企业负责“三率”指标的执行。
第四章 矿山地质环境治理
第二十五条 地质环境保护实行开发、利用、和保护相结合的方针，坚持谁利用谁保护、谁破坏谁治理的原则。环保、建设等有关部门应当依照各自职责，做好地质环境保护工作。
第二十六条 工程建设、矿山开采应当保护地质环境，防止地质灾害、环境污染和生态破坏。采矿权人从事矿产资源开采，造成地质环境破坏的，采取必要的恢复和治理措施，保护和改善地质环境。
第二十七条 矿山地质环境治理和恢复实行保证金制度。矿山地质环境治理恢复保证金按照不低于治理恢复费用的要求，根据矿种、生产规模以及对矿山地质环境影响程度等因素来确定。保证金在矿山建设时采取一次性收取。生产规模为大型的能源、金属矿产50-100万元，中型的能源、金属矿产30-50万元，小型的能源、金属矿产20-30万元；非金属矿产生产规模大型的20-30万元，中型的10-20万元，小型的5-10万元。
第二十八条 县(区)国土资源部门负责保证金的收缴、使用和监督管理。保证金实行集中收缴，专项管理，不得挪作他用。
第二十九条 采矿权人在采矿过程中、停办或者关闭矿山前，应当根据矿山地质环境保护与治理方案，履行矿山地质环境治理和恢复义务。县（区）国土资源部门应当对采矿权人履行治理和恢复义务的情况进行监督检查，并会同环保、林业、安监等部门对矿山地质环境的恢复工作进行验收；经验收合格的，保证金及其利息应当及时退还采矿权人。验收不合格的，责令限期整改，拒不履行恢复治理义务的，由国土资源部门用收缴的环境治理保证金予以治理恢复，保证金不够恢复治理的，责成采矿权人补缴，直至达到恢复治理要求。
第五章 监督管理
第三十条 矿业权人按属地管辖的原则进行监督管理，市、县（区）国土资源部门具体负责本辖区内矿业权的监督管理。各项目勘查单位和矿山企业必须接受市、县（区）国土资源部门的监督检查。
第三十一条 对未取得勘查许可证擅自勘查或未取得采矿许可证擅自采矿的，擅自进入国家规划区、对国民经济具有重要价值的矿区范围勘查或采矿的，国土、安监、公安、工商等部门， 按照各自的职能，依法进行处理；拒不停止勘查或开采活动，造成矿产资源严重破坏的，依照《矿产资源法》等规定，对直接责任人员追究刑事责任。
第三十二条 矿业权人违犯《矿产资源法》等法律法规规定行为的，国土资源部门依法查处。有违反环境保护、水土保持、安全生产等法律法规规定行为的，有相关行政主管部门依法给予行政处罚，构成犯罪的，移交司法机关处理。
第三十三条 市、县（区）国土资源部门及其相关部门工作人员徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，按照行政责任追究制度等规定，依法给予行政处分。
第三十四条 各级政府或部门不得以任何理由和名义越权配置矿业权，有越权行为的上级国土资源部门或监察机关责令其改正，违法授予的矿业权无效，对直接责任人员按照有关规定给予行政处理；构成犯罪的，移交司法机关处理。
第六章 附 则
第三十五条 本办法由张掖市国土资源局负责解释。
第三十六条 本办法自发布之日起施行。
中华人民共和国环境保护法(附英文)
全国人民代表大会
中华人民共和国主席令（七届第22号）
《中华人民共和国环境保护法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于1989年12月26日通过，现予公布，自公布之日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
1989年12月26日
中华人民共和国环境保护法(附英文)
（1989年12月26日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过 1989年12月26日中华人民共和国主席令第二十二号公布 自公布之日起施行。
《中华人民共和国环境保护法》已由中华人民共和国第届七全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于 1989年12月26日通过，自公布之日施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
1989年12月26日
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 环境监督管理
第三章 保护和改善环境
第四章 防治环境污染和其他公害
第五章 法律责任
第六章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为保护和改善生活环境与生态环境，防治污染和其他公害，保障人体健康，促进社会主义现代化建设的发展，制定本法。
第二条 本法所称环境，是指影响人类生存和发展的各种天然的和经过人工改造的自然因素的总体，包括大气、水、海洋、土地、矿藏、森林、草原、野生生物、自然遗迹、人文遗迹、自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市和乡村等。
第三条 本法适用于中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。
第四条 国家制定的环境保护规划必须纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，国家采取有利于环境保护的经济、技术政策和措施，使环境保护工作同经济建设和社会发展相协调。
第五条 国家鼓励环境保护科学教育事业的发展，加强环境保护科学技术的研究和开发，提高环境保护科学技术水平，普及环境保护的科学知识。
第六条 一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务，并有权对污染和破坏环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。
第七条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
国家海洋行政主管部门、港务监督、渔政渔港监督、军队环境保护部门和各级公安、交通、铁道、民航管理部门，依照有关法律的规定对环境污染防治实施监督管理。
县级以上人民政府的土地、矿产、林业、农业、水利行政主管部门，依照有关法律的规定对资源的保护实施监督管理。
第八条 对保护环境有显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。
第二章 环境监督管理
第九条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门制定国家环境质量标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家环境质量标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方环境质量标准，并报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
第十条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门根据国家环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件，制定国家污染物排放标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家污染物排放标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方污染物排放标准；对国家污染物排放标准中已作规定的项目，可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准。地方污染物排放标准须报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
凡是向已有地方污染物排放标准的区域排放污染物的，应当执行地方污染物排放标准。
第十一条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门建立监测制度，制定监测规范，会同有关部门组织监测网络，加强对环境监测和管理。国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的环境保护行政主管部门，应当定期发布环境状况公报。
第十二条 县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，应当会同有关部门对管辖范围内的环境状况进行调查和评价，拟订环境保护规划，经计划部门综合平衡后，报同级人民政府批准实施。
第十三条 建设污染环境的项目，必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。
建设项目的环境影响报告书，必须对建设项目产生的污染和对环境的影响作出评价，规定防治措施，经项目主管部门预审并依照规定的程序报环境保护行政主管部门批准。环境影响报告书经批准后，计划部门方可批准建设项目设计任务书。
第十四条 县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门，有权对管辖范围内的排污单位进行现场检查。被检查的单位应当如实反映情况，提供必要的资料。检查机关应当为被检查的单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
第十五条 跨行政区的环境污染和环境破坏的防治工作，由有关地方人民政府协商解决，或者由上级人民政府协调解决，做出决定。
第三章 保护和改善环境
第十六条 地方各级人民政府，应当对本辖区的环境质量负责，采取措施改善环境质量。
第十七条 各级人民政府对具有代表性的各种类型的自然生态系统区域，珍稀、濒危的野生动植物自然分布区域，重要的水源涵养区域，具有重大科学文化价值的地质构造、著名溶洞和化石分布区、冰川、火山、温泉等自然遗迹，以及人文遗迹、古树名木，应当采取措施加以保护，严禁破坏。
第十八条 在国务院、国务院有关主管部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府划定的风景名胜区、自然保护区和其他需要特别保护的区域内，不得建设污染环境的工业生产设施；建设其他设施，其污染物排放不得超过规定的排放标准。已经建成的设施，其污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的，限期治理。
第十九条 开发利用自然资源，必须采取措施保护生态环境。
第二十条 各级人民政府应当加强对农业环境的保护，防治土壤污染、土地沙化、盐渍化、贫瘠化、沼泽化、地面沉降和防治植被破坏、水土流失、水源枯竭、种源灭绝以及其他生态失调现象的发生和发展，推广植物病虫害的综合防治，合理使用化肥、农药及植物生长激素。
第二十一条 国务院和治海地方各级人民政府应当加强对海洋环境的保护。向海洋排放污染物、倾到废弃物，进行海岸工程建设和海洋石油勘探开发，必须依照法律的规定，防止对海洋环境的污染损害。
第二十二条 制定城市规划，应当确定保护和改善环境的目标和任务。
第二十三条 城乡建设应当结合当地自然环境的特点，保护植被、水域和自然景观，加强城市园林、绿地和风景名胜区的建设。
第四章 防治环境污染和其他公害
第二十四条 产生环境污染和其他公害的单位，必须把环境保护工作纳入计划，建立环境保护责任制度；采取有效措施，防治在生产建设或者其他活动中产生的废气、废水、废渣、粉尘、恶臭气体、放射性物质以及噪声、振动、电磁波辐射等对环境的污染和危害。
第二十五条 新建工业企业和现有工业企业的技术改造，应当采用资源利用率高、污染物排放量少的设备和工艺，采用经济合理的废弃物综合利用技术和污染物处理技术。
第二十六条 建设项目中防治污染的设旋，必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产使用。防治污染的设施必须经原审批环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门验收合格后，该建设项目方可投入生产或者使用。
防治污染的设施不得擅自拆除或者闲置，确有必要拆除或者闲置的，必须征得所在地的环境保护行政主管部门同意。
第二十七条 排放污染物的企业事业单位，必须依照国务院环境保护行政主管部门的规定申报登记。
第二十八条 排放污染物超过国家或者地方规定的污染物排放标准的企业事业单位，依照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费，并负责治理。水污染防治法另有规定的，依照水污染防治法的规定执行。
征收的超标准排污费必须用于污染的防治，不得挪作他用，具体使用办法由国务院规定。
第二十九条 对造成环境严重污染的企业事业单位，限期治理。
中央或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府直接管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府决定。市、县或者市、县以下人民政府管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由市、县人民政府决定。被限期治理的企业事业单位必须如期完成治理任务。
第三十条 禁止引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备。
第三十一条 因发生事故或者其他突然性事件，造成或者可能造成污染事故的单位，必须立即采取措施处理，及时通报可能受到污染危害的单位和居民，并向当地环境保护行政主管部门和有关部门报告，接受调查处理。
可能发生重大污染事故的企业事业单位，应当采取措施，加强防范。
第三十二条 县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，在环境受到严重污染威胁居民生命财产安全时，必须立即向当地人民政府报告，由人民政府采取有效措施，解除或者减轻危害。
第三十三条 生产、储存、运输、销售、使用有毒化学物品和含有放射性物质的物品，必须遵守国家有关规定，防止污染环境。
第三十四条 任何单位不得将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用。
第五章 法律责任
第三十五条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门可以根据不同情节，给予警告或者处以罚款：
（一）拒绝环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门现场检查或者在被检查时弄虚作假的。
（二）拒报或者谎报国务院环境保护行政主管部门规定的有关污染物排放申报事项的。
（三）不按国家规定缴纳超标准排污费的。
（四）引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备的。
（五）将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用的。
第三十六条 建设项目的防治污染设施没有建成或者没有达到国家规定的要求，投入生产或者使用的，由批准该建设项目的环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门责令停止生产或者使用，可以并处罚款。
第三十七条 未经环境保护行政主管部门同意，擅自拆除或者闲置防治污染的设施，污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的，由环境保护行政主管部门责令重新安装使用，并处罚款。
第三十八条 对违反本法规定，造成环境污染事故的企业事业单位，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款；情节较重的，对有关责任人员由其所在单位或者政府主管机关给予行政处分。
第三十九条 对经限期治理逾期未完成治理任务的企业事业单位，除依照国家规定加收超标准排污费外，可以根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款，或者责令停业、关闭。
前款规定的罚款由环境保护行政主管部门决定。责令停业、关闭，由作出限期治理决定的人民政府决定；责令中央直接管辖的企业事业单位停业、关闭，须报国务院批准。
第四十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五是内，向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，直接向人民法院起诉。当事人
逾期不申请复议、也不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚决定的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
第四十一条 造成环境污染危害的，有责任排除危害，并对直接受到损害的单位或者个人赔偿损失。
赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷，可以根据当事人的请求，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照本法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门处理；当事人对处理决定不服的，可以向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
完全由于不可护拒的自然灾害，并经及时采取合理措施，仍然不能避免造成环境污染损害的，免予承担责任。
第四十二条 因环境污染损害赔偿提起诉讼的时效期间为三年，从当事人知道或者应当知道受到污染损害时起计算。
第四十三条 违反本法规定，造成重大环境污染事故，导致公私财产重大损失或者人身伤亡的严重后果的，对直接责任人员依法追究刑事责任。
第四十四条 违反本法规定，造成土地、森林、草原、水、矿产、渔业、野生动植物等资源的破坏的，依照有关法律的规定承担法律责任。
第四十五条 环境保护监督管理人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第四十六条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的与环境保护有关的国际条约，同中华人民共和国法律有不同规定的，适用国际条约的规定，但中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第四十七条 本法自公布之日起施行《中华人民共和国环境保护法（试行）》同时废止。
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 11th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 26, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 22 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 26, 1989, and effective on the date of promulgation)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Supervision and Management of the Environment
Chapter III Protection and Improvement of the Environment
Chapter IV Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution and Other
Public Hazards
Chapter V Legal Liability
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated for the purpose of protecting and improving
people's environment and the ecological environment, preventing and
controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human health
and facilitating the development of socialist modernization.
Article 2
"Environment" as used in this Law refers to the total body of all natural
elements and artificially transformed natural elements affecting human
existence and development, which includes the atmosphere, water, seas,
land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wildlife, natural and human remains,
nature reserves, historic sites and scenic spots, and urban and rural
areas.
Article 3
This Law shall apply to the territory of the People's Republic of China
and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of
China.
Article 4
The plans for environmental protection formulated by the state must be
incorporated into the national economic and social development plans; the
state shall adopt economic and technological policies and measures
favourable for environmental protection so as to coordinate the work of
environmental protection with economic construction and social
development.
Article 5
The state shall encourage the development of education in the science of
environmental protection, strengthen the study and development of the
science and technology of environmental protection, raise the scientific
and technological level of environmental protection and popularize
scientific knowledge of environmental protection.
Article 6
All units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the
environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges against
units or individuals that cause pollution or damage to the environment.
Article 7
The competent department of environmental protection administration under
the State Council shall conduct unified supervision and management of the
environmental protection work throughout the country.
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the local people's governments at or above the county level shall conduct
unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work
within areas under their jurisdiction. The state administrative
department of marine affairs, the harbour superintendency administration,
the fisheries administration and fishing harbour superintendency agencies,
the environmental protection department of the armed forces and the
administrative departments of public security, transportation, railways
and civil aviation at various levels shall, in accordance with the
provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision and management of the
prevention and control of environmental pollution. The competent
administrative departments of land, minerals, forestry, agriculture and
water conservancy of the people's governments at or above the county level
shall, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws, conduct
supervision and management of the protection of natural resources.
Article 8
The people's government shall give awards to units and individuals that
have made outstanding achievements in protecting and improving the
environment.
Chapter II Supervision and Management of the Environment
Article 9
The competent department of environmental protection administration under
the State Council shall establish the national standards for environment
quality. The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their
local standards for environment quality for items not specified in the
national standards for environment quality and shall report them to the
competent department of environmental protection administration under the
State Council for the record.
Article 10
The competent department of environmental protection administration under
the State Council shall, in accordance with the national standards for
environment quality and the country's economic and technological
conditions, establish the national standards for the discharge of
pollutants.
The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their
local standards for the discharge of pollutants for items not specified in
the national standards; with regard to items already specified in the
national standards, they may set local standards which are more stringent
than the national standards and report the same to the competent
department of environmental protection administration under the State
Council for the record. Units that discharge pollutants in areas where
the local standards for the discharge of pollutants have been established
shall observe such local standards.
Article 11
The competent department of environmental protection administration under
the State Council shall establish a monitoring system, formulate the
monitoring norm and, in conjunction with relevant departments, organize a
monitoring network and strengthen the management of environmental
monitoring.
The competent departments of environmental protection administration under
the State Council and governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall regularly issue
bulletins on environmental situations.
Article 12
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in
conjunction with relevant departments, make an investigation and an
assessment of the environmental situation within areas under their
jurisdiction, draw up plans for environmental protection which shall,
subject to overall balancing by the department of planning, be submitted
to the people's government at the same level for approval before
implementation.
Article 13
Units constructing projects that cause pollution to the environment must
observe the state provisions concerning environmental protection for such
construction projects. The environmental impact statement on a
construction project must assess the pollution the projects is likely to
produce and its impact on the environment and stipulate the preventive and
curative measures; the statement shall, after initial examination by the
authorities in charge of the construction project, be submitted by
specified procedure to the competent department of environmental
protection administration for approval. The department of planning shall
not ratify the design plan descriptions of the construction project until
after the environmental impact statement on the construction project is
approved.
Article 14
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the people's governments at or above the county level or other departments
invested by law with power to conduct environmental supervision and
management shall be empowered to make on-site inspections of units under
their jurisdiction that discharge pollutants. The units being inspected
shall truthfully report the situation to them and provide them with the
necessary information. The inspecting authorities shall keep confidential
the technological know-how and business secrets of the units inspected.
Article 15
Work for the prevention and control of the environmental pollution and
damage that involve various administrative areas shall be conducted by the
relevant local people's governments through negotiation, or by decision of
the people's government at a higher level through mediation.
Chapter III Protection and Improvement of the Environment
Article 16
The local people's governments at various levels shall be responsible for
the environment quality of areas under their jurisdiction and take
measures to improve the environment quality.
Article 17
The people's governments at various levels shall take measures to protect
regions representing various types of natural ecological systems, regions
with a natural distribution of rare and endangered wild animals and
plants, regions where major sources of water are conserved, geological
structures of major scientific and cultural value, famous regions where
karst caves and fossil deposits are distributed, traces of glaciers,
volcanos and hot springs, traces of human history, and ancient and
precious trees. Damage to the above shall be strictly forbidden.
Article 18
Within the scenic spots or historic sites, nature reserves and other zones
that need special protection, as designated by the State Council, the
relevant competent department under the State Council, and the people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government, no industrial production installations that
cause environmental pollution shall be built; other installations to be
built in these areas must not exceed the prescribed standards for the
discharge of pollutants. If the installations that have been built
discharge more pollutants than are specified by the prescribed discharge
standards, such pollution shall be eliminated or controlled within a
prescribed period of time.
Article 19
Measures must be taken to protect the ecological environment while natural
resources are being developed or utilized.
Article 20
The people's governments at various levels shall provide better protection
for the agricultural environment by preventing and controlling soil
pollution, the desertification and alkalization of land, the
impoverishment of soil, the deterioration of land into marshes, earth
subsidence, the damage of vegetation, soil erosion, the drying up of
sources of water, the extinction of species and the occurrence and
development of other ecological imbalances, by extending the scale of a
comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests,
and by promoting a rational application of chemical fertilizers,
pesticides and plant growth hormone.
Article 21
The State Council and the people's governments at various levels in
coastal areas shall provide better protection for the marine environment.
The discharge of pollutants and the dumping of wastes into the seas, the
construction of coastal projects, and the exploration and exploitation of
offshore oil must be conducted in compliance with legal provisions so as
to guard against the pollution and damage of the marine environment.
Article 22
The targets and tasks for protecting and improving the environment shall
be defined in urban planning.
Article 23
In urban and rural construction, vegetation, waters and the natural
landscape shall be protected and attention paid to the construction of
gardens, green land and historic sites and scenic spots in the cities in
the light of the special features of the local natural environment.
Chapter IV Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution and Other Public Hazards
Article 24
Units that cause environmental pollution and other public hazards shall
incorporate the work of environmental protection into their plans and
establish a responsibility system for environmental protection, and must
adopt effective measures to prevent and control the pollution and harms
caused to the environment by waste gas, waste water, waste residues, dust,
malodorous gases, radioactive substances, noise, vibration and
electromagnetic radiation generated in the course of production,
construction or other activities.
Article 25
For the technological transformation of newly-built industrial enterprises
and existing industrial enterprises, facilities and processes that effect
a high rate of the utilization of resources and a low rate of the
discharge of pollutants shall be used, along with economical and rational
technology for the comprehensive utilization of waste materials and the
treatment of pollutants.
Article 26
Installations for the prevention and control of pollution at a
construction project must be designed, built and commissioned together
with the principal part of the project. No permission shall be given for a
construction project to be commissioned or used, until its installations
for the prevention and control of pollution are examined and considered up
to the standard by the competent department of environmental protection
administration that examined and approved the environmental impact
statement. Installations for the prevention and control of pollution
shall not be dismantled or left idle without authorization. If it is
really necessary to dismantle such installations or leave them idle, prior
approval shall be obtained from the competent department of environmental
protection administration in the locality.
Article 27
Enterprises and institutions discharging pollutants must report to and
register with the relevant authorities in accordance with the provisions
of the competent department of environmental protection administration
under the State Council.
Article 28
Enterprises and institutions discharging pollutants in excess of the
prescribed national or local discharge standards shall pay a fee for
excessive discharge according to state provisions and shall assume
responsibility for eliminating and controlling the pollution. The
provisions of the Law on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution shall
be complied with where they are applicable.
The income derived from the fee levied for the excessive discharge of
pollutants must be used for the prevention and control of pollution and
shall not be appropriated for other purposes. The specific measures
thereof shall be prescribed by the State Council.
Article 29
If an enterprise or institution has caused severe environmental pollution,
it shall be required to eliminate and control the pollution within a
certain period of time. For enterprises and institutions directly under
the jurisdiction of the Central Government or the people's government of a
province, an autonomous region, or a municipality directly under the
Central Government, the decision on a deadline for the elimination or
control of pollution shall be made by the people's government of the
province, autonomous region and the municipality directly under the
Central Government. For enterprises and institutions under the
jurisdiction of a people's government at or below the city or county
level, such decision shall be made by the people's government of the city
or county. Such enterprises and institutions shall accomplish the
elimination or control of pollution within the specified period of time.
Article 30
A ban shall be imposed on the importation of any technology or facility
that fails to meet the requirements specified in the regulations of our
country concerning environmental protection.
Article 31
Any unit that, as a result of an accident or any other exigency, has
caused or threatens to cause an accident of pollution, must promptly take
measures to prevent and control the pollution hazards, make the situation
known to such units and inhabitants as are likely to be endangered by such
hazards, report the case to the competent department of environmental
protection administration of the locality and the departments concerned
and accept their investigation and decision.
Enterprises and institutions that are likely to cause severe pollution
accidents shall adopt measures for effective prevention.
Article 32
If the safety of the lives and property of inhabitants is endangered by
severe environmental pollution, the competent department of environmental
protection administration of the local people's government at or above the
county level must promptly report to the local people's government. The
people's government concerned shall take effective measures to remove or
alleviate the hazard.
Article 33
The production, storage, transportation, sale and use of toxic chemicals
and materials containing radioactive substances must comply with the
relevant state provisions so as to prevent environmental pollution.
Article 34
No unit shall be permitted to transfer a production facility that causes
severe pollution for use by a unit that is unable to prevent and control
pollution.
Chapter V Legal Liability
Article 35
Any violator of this Law shall, according to the circumstances of the
case, be warned or fined by the competent department of environmental
protection administration or another department invested by law with power
to conduct environmental supervision and management for any of the
following acts:
(1) refusing an on-site inspection by the competent department of
environmental protection administration or another department invested by
law with power to conduct environmental supervision and management, or
resorting to trickery and fraud while undergoing inspection;
(2) refusing to report or submitting a false report on items for which
declaration is required by the competent department of environmental
protection administration under the State Council;
(3) failing to pay, as provided for by the state, the fee for the
excessive discharge of pollutants;
(4) importing technology or a facility that fails to meet the requirements
specified in the state provisions concerning environmental protection; or
(5) transferring a production facility that causes severe pollution for
use by a unit that is unable to prevent and control pollution.
Article 36
When a construction project is commissioned or put to use in circumstances
where facilities for the prevention and control of pollution either have
not been completed or fail to meet the requirements specified in state
provisions, the competent department of environmental protection
administration responsible for the approval of the environmental impact
statement on the construction project shall order the suspension of its
operations or use and may concurrently impose a fine.
Article 37
A unit which dismantles or leaves idle the installations for the
prevention and control of pollution without prior approval by the
competent department of environmental protection administration, thereby
discharging pollutants in excess of the prescribed discharge standards,
shall be ordered by the competent department of environmental protection
administration to set up the installations or put them to use again, and
shall concurrently be fined.
Article 38
An enterprise or institution which violates this Law, thereby causing an
environmental pollution accident, shall be fined by the competent
department of environmental protection administration or another
department invested by law with power to conduct environmental supervision
and management in accordance with the consequent damage; in a serious
case, the persons responsible shall be subject to administrative sanction
by the unit to which they belong or by the competent department of the
government.
Article 39
An enterprise or institution that has failed to eliminate or control
pollution by the deadline as required shall, as provided for by the state,
pay a fee for excessive discharge; in addition, a fine may be imposed on
it on the basis of the damage incurred, or the enterprise or institution
may be ordered to suspend its operations or close down. The fine as
specified in the preceding paragraph shall be decided by the competent
department of environmental protection administration. An order for the
suspension of operations or shut-down of an enterprise or institution
shall be issued by the people's government that set the deadline for the
elimination or control of pollution. An order for the suspension of
operations or shut-down of an enterprise or institution directly under the
jurisdiction of the Central Government shall be submitted to and approved
by the State Council.
Article 40
A party refusing to accept the decision on administrative sanction may,
within 15 days of receiving the notification on such a decision, apply for
reconsideration to the department next higher to the authorities that
imposed the sanction; if the party refuses to accept the decision of
reconsideration, it may, within 15 days of receiving the reconsideration
decision, bring a suit before a people's court. A party may also bring a
suit directly before a people's court within 15 days of receiving the
notification on the sanction. If, upon the expiration of this period, the
party has not applied for reconsideration or has neither brought a suit
before a people's court nor complied with the sanction, the authorities
that imposed the sanction may apply to the people's court for compulsory
enforcement.
Article 41
A unit that has caused an environmental pollution hazard shall have the
obligation to eliminate it and make compensation to the unit or individual
that suffered direct losses. A dispute over the liability to make
compensation or the amount of compensation may, at the request of the
parties, be settled by the competent department of environmental
protection administration or another department invested by law with power
to conduct environmental supervision and management. If a party refuses to
accept the decision on the settlement, it may bring a suit before a
people's court. The party may also directly bring a suit before the
people's court.
If environmental pollution losses result solely from irresistible natural
disasters which cannot be averted even after the prompt adoption of
reasonable measures, the party concerned shall be exempted from liability.
Article 42
The limitation period for prosecution with respect to compensation for
environmental pollution losses shall be three years, counted from the time
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